Ngokweengxaki ezininzi zokubonwa kweetonela esithe sazisa ngaphambili, iimfuno eziphezulu zibekwe phambili ukuze kukhanye itonela. Ukujongana ngokufanelekileyo nezi ngxaki ezibonakalayo, sinokuhamba ngale miba ilandelayo.
Ukukhanya kwetonelalahlulwe ngokubanzi ngamacandelo amahlanu: icandelo elisondelayo, icandelo lokungena, icandelo lenguqu, icandelo eliphakathi kunye necandelo lokuphuma, ngalinye linomsebenzi owahlukileyo.
(1) Icandelo elisondelayo: Icandelo elisondelayo letonela libhekiselele kwinxalenye yendlela ekufutshane nesango letonela. Ifumaneka ngaphandle kwetonela, ukukhanya kwayo kuvela kwiimeko zendalo ngaphandle kwetonela, ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwenziweyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya kwecandelo elisondelayo kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo nokukhanyisa ngaphakathi kwetonela, kukwaqhelekile ukubiza icandelo lokukhanyisa.
(2) Icandelo lokungena: Icandelo lokungena licandelo lokuqala lokukhanyisa emva kokungena kwitonela. Icandelo lokungena lalibizwa ngokuba licandelo lokulungelelanisa, elifuna ukukhanya okwenziwayo.
(3) Icandelo lenguqu: Icandelo lenguqu licandelo lokukhanyisa phakathi kwecandelo lokungena kunye necandelo eliphakathi. Eli candelo lisetyenziselwa ukusombulula ingxaki yokulungiswa kombono womqhubi ukusuka ekukhanyeni okuphezulu kwinqanaba lokungena ukuya ekukhanyeni okuphantsi kwinqanaba eliphakathi.
(4) Icandelo eliphakathi: Emva kokuba umqhubi eqhuba ngecandelo lokungena kunye necandelo lenguqu, umbono womqhubi ugqibe inkqubo yokulungelelanisa emnyama. Umsebenzi wokukhanyisa kwicandelo eliphakathi kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
(5) Icandelo lokuphuma: Ngemini, umqhubi unokuqhelana ngokuthe ngcembe nokukhanya okunamandla ekuphumeni ukuphelisa into "emhlophe" ebusuku, umqhubi unokubona ngokucacileyo ukumila komgca wendlela yangaphandle kunye nemiqobo esendleleni emngxunyeni. , ukuphelisa into ethi "black hole" ekuphumeni, into eqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa izibane zesitrato njengokukhanya okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwetonela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-17-2022
